Glossary · Epical

The terms of social listening, explained.

Operational definitions, not academic ones. So that when we talk about the topic, we're all talking about the same thing.

More terms

The vocabulary, in one line.

Sentiment analysis

Classifying conversation as positive, negative or neutral. It works as a thermometer, not as the only reading: volume and context matter as much as the sign.

Share of Conversation

What portion of a category's entire conversation a topic or a brand occupies. Unlike Share of Voice, it isn't limited to direct mentions: it measures presence in the debate.

Engagement rate

Interactions (reactions, comments, shares) over reach or followers. A follower isn't a person who reacts: engagement measures who actually moves.

Reach vs. impact

Reach counts how many saw it; impact, how many did something. A post with 25M views can generate more rejection than support.

Earned, owned and paid media

Earned: what others say without the brand paying. Owned: the brand's channels. Paid: advertising. Reading them separately avoids confusing diffusion with credibility.

NPS (Net Promoter Score)

A recommendation metric: promoters minus detractors. It measures stated loyalty, not what people say when no one is asking them.

Trend analysis

Telling a passing fad from a structural change by looking at the structure of the conversation — maturity, concentration, attention ratio — not sales, which arrive late.

Reputational intelligence

Measuring a brand's real exposure to a crisis or a sensitive topic, week by week, to decide when to step in and when silence deflates it.

Macro / micro / nano influencer

Three audience scales. Size doesn't predict impact: a nano-influencer can generate more engagement per follower than a macro.

Dark social

Conversation that happens through private channels — messaging, closed groups — and doesn't appear in the public feed. It exists even if it isn't easily measured.

Early crisis detection

Identifying the origin, time and account of an outbreak before it escalates, to respond in time instead of reacting late.

Public affairs intelligence

Reading the conversation about regulation, politics and public opinion that can affect a brand or a sector, before it becomes a topic.